Izinkinga Ezijwayelekile Zokuxhuma Amapayipi & Indlela Yokuzilungisa
Izixhumi zamapayipi yizinto ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimboni, zomlilo, ezolimo kanye nokudlulisa uketshezi. Ngisho nezixhumi ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingaba nezinkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokufakwa okungalungile, izindawo ezimbi, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezingalungile noma ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngezansi yizinkinga ezijwayelekile kakhulu zezixhumi zamapayipi kanye nezixazululo ezisebenzayo, ezingenziwa ukuze uzilungise ngokushesha futhi wandise impilo yesevisi.
1. Ukuvuza (Inkinga Ejwayelekile Kakhulu)
Izimbangela
- Izitembu/ama-gasket agugile, aqhekekile noma angenamuntu
- Ukuxhuma okuxegayo (ukuqinisa okunganele)
- Izindawo ezihlangana nazo ezilimazekile (imihuzukwana, izimbobo, ukungcola)
- Usayizi wokubhanqa ongakulungile noma intambo engahambelani (ukuxubana kwe-BSP/NPT)
- Ukungahambelani kwezinto (izimpawu ezonakaliswe amakhemikhali/amafutha)
Izixazululo
- Faka izimpawu/ama-gasket alungile enziwe ngezinto ezifanele (NBR/EPDM/PTFE) esikhundleni sezilimele
- Qinisa isixhumi ngokulinganayo ngesikrufu esifanele (gwema ukuqinisa ngokweqile)
- Hlanza kahle izindawo ezihlangana; lungisa imihuzukwana emincane noma faka izixhumi ezilimele
- Sebenzisa izinhlobo zentambo ezifanayo (i-BSP ne-BSP, i-NPT ne-NPT) namazinga afanele
- Shintshela ezintweni zokubopha ezivikela amakhemikhali uma usebenzisa imidiya enobuthi
2. Ukuxhuma Okunzima / Ukubambana Okubambekile
Izimbangela
- Ukungcola, ukugqwala noma imfucumfucu emicu/ezingxenyeni ezihlangana nazo
- Ukuvuvukala (ikakhulukazi kumalungu ensimbi/ithusi achayeke emsweni)
- Izingxenye ezixhumene zingahambisani
- Kukhishwe kakhulu kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphambili
- Ukuvaleka ngenxa yokushoda kokugcoba
Izixazululo
- Hlanza izintambo kanye nezindawo ezihlangana nomshini wokuxubha noma isixazululi
- Susa umhlwa ngesifutho esilwa nomhlwa; sebenzisa uwoyela wokugcoba ongavimbeli ukubambana kumalungu okubhanqa ensimbi
- Qondanisa izingxenye zokubhanqa ngokuqondile ngaphambi kokuxhuma
- Khulula amalungu okubhanqa abambekile kancane ngesikrufu (ungaphoqi)
- Faka uwoyela wokugcoba wokudla/wokusebenzisa ezintanjeni ukuze kube lula ukuhlanganisa
3. Ukubhanqa Kuyakhululeka Ngaphansi Komfutho
Izimbangela
- Ukudlidliza okuvela kumaphampu/imishini
- Ukuqinisa kokuqala okunganele
- Imicu egugile noma izindlela zokukhiya ezonakele
- Ukwenyuka komfutho okudlula isilinganiso sokuxhuma
Izixazululo
- Faka ama-lock washer noma ama-anti-vibration clamp
- Qinisa kabusha ukuxhuma ku-torque enconyiwe
- Faka esikhundleni izixhumi ezinemicu egugile noma izikhiye ezonakele
- Sebenzisa izixhumi ezilinganiselwe umfutho ezihambisana nezidingo zesistimu
4. Ukugqwala & Urdla
Izimbangela
- Ukuchayeka emanzini, umswakama noma amakhemikhali anzima
- Ukukhethwa kwempahla okungalungile (insimbi yekhabhoni ezindaweni ezimanzi/ezinokugqwala)
- Ukuntuleka kokuvikelwa kwendawo (akukho ukufakwa kwe-plating/coating)
Izilungiso
- Faka izixhumi ezintsha ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali (304/316) noma ubhedu esikhundleni sezixhumi ezonakele
- Faka isendlalelo esivimbela ukugqwala/ukugcotshwa
- Gcina izixhumi ezindaweni ezomile; gwema ukuchayeka emswakameni isikhathi eside
5. Umzimba wesixhumi oqhekekile / Owonakele
Izimbangela
- Ukuqinisa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokufakwa
- Umgadla noma ukulimala ngokomzimba
- Ukweqa umfutho wokusebenza / izinga lokushisa
- Ukukhathala kwezinto zokwakha kusukela ekusetshenzisweni isikhathi eside
Izilungiso
- Faka izixhumi eziqhekekile/ezonakele ngokushesha (ingozi yokuphepha)
- Sebenzisa ama-torque wrench ukuze uqinise kahle
- Khetha izixhumi ezisebenza kanzima ezinhlelweni ezinomfutho ophezulu / ezisetshenziswa kakhulu
- Hlola njalo ukuthola izimpawu zokukhathala
6. Ukuququda Kwesitembu
Izimbangela
- Ukugcwala komfutho omkhulu
- Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elidlula umkhawulo wezimpawu
- Umonakalo wamakhemikhali ezimpawini
- Ukufakwa kwezimpawu okungalungile
Izixazululo
- Sebenzisa izimpawu ezilinganiselwe kumfutho omkhulu/izinga lokushisa eliphezulu
- Khetha izimpawu ezimelana namakhemikhali ezinto ezonakalisayo
- Faka izimpawu ngendlela efanele (ukungajiki/umonakalo)
- Nciphisa umfutho wesistimu uma ugcwele kakhulu
Amathiphu Okugcina Okugwema Izinkinga Ezizayo
- Khetha impahla efanele
- Landela imithetho yokufaka
- Ukunakekelwa njalo
- Hambisa izincazelo
Ukunakekelwa okufanele nokufakwa okulungile kungaqeda 90% wezinkinga zokuxhuma izimbotshana. Xazulula izinkinga ezincane ngesikhathi ukuze ugweme ukuyeka ukusebenza kohlelo nezingozi zokuphepha.